MMV
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy Review Answers
1)
catabolic pathways
2)
cellular respiration
3)
The molecule that is reduced gains electrons.
The molecule that is
oxidized loses electrons.
4)
loses electrons and loses energy.
5)
C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is
reduced.
6)
reduced.
7)
cytosol
8)
substrate-level phosphorylation.
9)
accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
10)
glycolysis
11)
b
12)
c
13)
c
14)
a
15)
a
16)
100%
17)
retained in the pyruvate.
18)
NADH and pyruvate
19)
Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose remains
in pyruvate, one of the products of glycolysis.
20) 2
NADH, 2 H+, 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 H2O.
21) 2
molecules of ATP are used and 4 molecules of ATP are produced.
22)
has an increased chemical reactivity; it is primed to do cellular work.
23)
An agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but is not
metabolized
24)
acetyl CoA, NADH, H+, and CO2.
25)
acetyl CoA
26) mitochondrial
matrix
27)
2
28)
adding electrons and protons to oxygen, forming water.
29) 1
30)
α-ketoglutarate
39)
11
31)
18
32)
10
33) 4
FADH2 and 12 NADH
34)
3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2
35)
oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle
36)
12
37)
mitochondrial membrane.
38)
chemiosmotic phosphorylation
39)
food à
NADH à electron transport chain à oxygen
40)
acetyl CoA
41)
mitochondrial inner membrane
42)
FMN, Fe•S, ubiquinone, cytochromes (Cyt)
43)
FADH2
44) act
as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.
45)
citric acid cycle à
NADH à electron transport chain à oxygen
46)
molecular oxygen (O2)
47)
oxidative phosphorylation
48)
energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase
49)
mitochondrial intermembrane
space
50)
the electron transport chain; ATP synthesis
51)
the difference in H+ concentrations on opposite sides of the
inner mitochondrial membrane.
52)
carrier proteins to accept electrons from NADH.
53)
creation of a proton gradient.
54)
inner membrane
55)
oxidative phosphorylation
56)
Tenzymes for glycolysis.
.
57)
ATP synthase activity
58)
12
59) 6
60)
oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis)
61)
76
62)
212
63)
40%
64)
ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
65)
glycolysis
66)
glycolysis and fermentation
67) mitochondrial
inner membrane.
68)
glycolysis
69)
substrate-level phosphorylation
70)
lactate; NAD+
71)
ATP, CO2and ethanol (ethyl alcohol).
72)
reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol (ethyl alcohol).
73)
oxidize NADH to NAD+.
74)
NADH is produced only in the mitochondria.
75)
Glycolysis is the most widespread metabolic pathway.
76)
It is found in the cytosol, does not involve oxygen, and is present in
most organisms.
77)
It was released as CO2 and H2O.
75)
4
79)
exergonic
80)
in the cytosol.
81)
FADH2 and NADH.
82)
NADH; oxidized
83)
NADH
84)
the H+ concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
85)
glycolysis
86)
provide the energy to establish the proton gradient.
87)
oxygen.
88)
NADH is oxidized by the electron transport chain in respiration only.
89)
the citric acid cycle.