Moss and Fern Review
1. Bryophytes
2. Mosses,
liverworts, and hornworts all
3. Which
of the following structures is NOT found in all bryophytes?
4. A
moss calyptra
5. A
moss protonema
6. Which
of the following bryophytes has a sporophyte with a meristem?
7. Archegoniophores
and antheridiophores are features of
8. The
pores and cavities of the thalli of liverworts are filled with
9. Which
of the following moss sporophyte structures has the most direct contact with
the gametophyte?
10. A
moss protonema
11. Food-conducting
cells present in some mosses are known as
12. The
one-celled anchoring structures present on the lower surface of a thalloid
liverwort are
13. Growth
in a thalloid liverwort is brought about by division of cells located
14. Each
diamond-shaped segment of a liverwort thallus contains a single
15. Which
of the following are the lens-shaped pieces of tissue that are produced in cups
on a liverwort thallus and become detached to develop independently?
16. Structures
with spiral thickenings produced within a liverwort capsule, and which
facilitate the release of spores, are
17. The
flattened appendages whose presence is hidden, when viewed from above, by two
rows of partially overlapping “leaves” in “leafy” liverworts are called
18. Asexual
reproduction in hornworts occurs through which of the following?
19. The
bryophytes whose sporophytes have a central rodlike axis surrounded by spore
mother cells above a basal meristem are
20. Which
of the following do “leaves” of mosses lack?
21. The
egg of a moss is produced within a cavity called a
22. Which
of the following are the sterile hairs scattered among moss archegonia and
antheridia?
23. The
one or two rows of teeth that play a role in the release of spores from a moss
capsule constitute the
24. From
an economic perspective the most important bryophytes are the
25. Which
of the following bryophytes are generally edible?
A) rock
mosses
B) true
mosses
C) peat
mosses
D) liverworts
E) None
of these answers are correct.
26. Bryophytes
have an alternation of generations in which the _____ is the dominant
generation, unlike vascular plants where the _____ is the dominant generation.
27. Liverworts
and hornworts are members of the
28. Which
of the following is used commercially as a soil conditioner?
1. The
so-called fern allies (relatives of ferns) include several divisions of plants
related to ferns. Which of the
following belongs to this group?
2. The
spores of which of the following were used at one time for flashlight powder in
photography and the theater?
3. Enations
are small, flattened green protuberances found on the stems of
4. The
gametophytes of which of the following are saprobic?
5. Sporophylls
are
6. Carinal
and vallecular canals are found in the stems of
7. The
fossilized dungs of prehistoric animals and humans are called
8. Which
of the following probably did NOT occur when a shift from aquatic to
terrestrial habitats took place millions of years ago?
9. Leaves
with more than one vein and a leaf trace are generally classified as
10. Which
of the following has neither true leaves nor true roots?
11. Which
of the following is considered to be a likely ancestor of the club mosses?
12. In
nature asexual propagation of ground pines (Lycopodium) may take place by means
of which of the following?
13. The
leaves of spike mosses and quillworts have an appendage called a
14. A
fundamental distinction between club mosses (Lycopodium) and spike mosses
(Selaginella) involves differences in their
15. A
spike moss microspore has the potential to develop into which of the following?
16. Which
of the following are the air tubes located within horsetail (Equisetum) stems
between the ribs?
19. The
substance in horsetail stems that makes them suitable for scouring is
20. The
semi-transparent tissue that protects immature sporangia in many ferns is
called a/an
21. In
ferns an annulus is directly and intimately associated with a/an
22. The
antheridia of ferns are usually located
23. Preferns,
which are believed to be the ancestors of present-day ferns, appeared during
which of the following geological periods?
24. Botanists
who study fossil plant materials in their research are known as
25. Uncompressed
rocklike fossils in which the original cell structure has been preserved are
26. Cannel
coal is fossilized
27. A
favorite growing medium for orchid growers comes from
28. Ancient
land plants are thought to be derived from
29. One
of the significant adaptations to prevent drying out in the land environment
was the development by vascular plants of (a)
30. Which
pair of plants is placed in the same division?
31. Lycopods
produce sporangia which are produced on the upper surface of modified leaves
termed
32. In
ferns, meiosis occurs in this structure.
15. All of the following are true of the liverwort
gametophyte
16. The organism in the diagram above is a
17. The structure labeled "a" in the
above diagram is the
18. The capsule is indicated by which letter in
diagram 1.
19. This organism in diagram 1 belongs to the
phlum
20. The structures visible to the naked eye on the
back of some fern fronds are called sori
Short Answers
1. Describe a trait of bryophytes (mosses and moss-like
plants) that is similar to algae but not similar to vascular plants.
2. Describe a trait of bryophytes (mosses and
moss-like plants) that is similar to vascular plants but not to algae.
3. Describe a trait of bryophytes (mosses and
moss-like plants) that is unique in the plant kingdom.
4. Why do bryophytes require moist environments?
Give 2 reasons.
5. List 3 groups (use common names) of bryophytes.
6. Ferns and fern-allies represent important
advances in the ability of plants to live in terrestrial environments. What
group of plants displayed some adaptations to land before ferns and fern allies
arrived on the scene?
7. List 2 adaptations of ferns and fern allies for
living on land not present in any plant groups that evolved before ferns.