PROTOZOA AND INVERT worksheet

1  the following APPLIES to Protozoans?

They are eukaryoticThey are members of kingdom ProtistaThey are heterotrophs

2. Forams:are important contributors of calcareous material in coral reefs and sandy beaches

3.Radiolarians: are planktonic marine protozoans secrete shells of silica (SiO2)

are microscopic, but may form giant colonies

4.       the following are protozoans:

foraminiferans, or forams radiolarians ciliates

5 .      What is one distinctive feature of a radiolarian?                 a shell           

6        Which of these statements is true?       Because of their diversity, is it difficult to define what a typical protist is.   

7.       the following structures of a sponge ARE  matched with its appropriate functionS

osculum - an opening through which water leaves

pore cells - a cell through which water enters a sponge

(choanocytes - possess flagellum and trap food particles

spongin - elastin protein fibers comprising a skeleton

8 A certain unicellular eukaryote has a siliceous (glasslike) shell and autotrophic nutrition. It is most likely a diatom.

9 Porifera are filter feeders

10 Unlike most other animals, sponges lack  a digestive tract symmetrical body plan nerve cells

11 Cells of the outer surface of the sponge obtain nutrients by   absorbing food distributed by amoeboid like cells

12 Sponges have A TYPE OF skeleton

13 Feeding in sponges is dependent oncollar cells pores water flow

14 The skeletal (supporting) structure of sponges may contain which of the following?Fibrillar collagen (a protein)Calcareous spiculesSiliceous spiculesModified collagen called spongin

15  There may be three different GRADES or levels of organization within each CLASS of sponge. These levels or types of canal systems are described as...Asconoid Syconoid Leuconoid

16 Which of the following drives the passage of water (laden with oxygen and microscopic food) through the canals and spongocoel of the sponges?Choanocytes

17 Amoeboid cells that move about in the mesohyl and carry out a number of functions, including phagocytosis and spicule formation are called...Archaeocytes

18  The Phylum Porifera does NOT have True tissues and organs

19 Sponges with syconoid features would have which of the following?Radial canals Incurrent canals Prosopyles Apopyles

20  Sponges have a tremendous ability to repair injuries and to restore lost parts in a process called... Regeneration

21 The members of the Class Hexactinellida are also called:Glass sponges

22 Which of the following forms yields the greatest amount of surface area to volume ratio in a sponge?

          Leuconoid

23The Porifera have which of the following characteristics in common?A cellular level of organization.Incipient tissues with a low level of integration.A unique water current system powered by choanocytes.A body with incurrent openings (called ostia) for water intake.

24  At least 97% of all species of animals are invertebrates.

25  Feeding currents in sponges are produced by flagellated cells called collar cells

26 The trabecular reticulum of the Hexactinellida is the largest, continuous syncytial tissue known in the Metazoa.

27 Sponges originated before the Cambrian Period.

28 The Porifera are the simplest of multicellular animals and share basal ancestry with the Metazoa, as determined by DNA analyses.

29 Although they have the simplest organization of all the Metazoa, the sponges do exhibit a higher level of morphological and physiological integration than that found in protozoan colonies.

30 The Phylum Porifera is an ancient group, remote phylogenetically from other metazoan groups, although some evidence suggests that they are a sister group to the Eumetazo(A) Their adaptive radiation is centered on elaboration of the water circulation and filter feeding system.

31 The Mesozoa and Parazoa may be said to belong to a cellular level of organization.

32 Two competing hypotheses for the origin of the Metazoa are the syncyticial ciliate hypothesis and the colonial flagellate hypothesis, but the ribosomal RNA analyses generally support the colonial flagellate hypothesis.

33 Most sponges are marine.

What is the name of the excurrent waterway?Oscules

34  Cnidarians capture prey mainly by entangling and wrapping them with their tentacles.

35 Radial symmetry, such as seen in Cnidaria, occurs when similar parts of a body are arranged and repeated around a central axis.

36Mature marine hydrozoan Cnidaria are mainly colonies of polyps that produce medusae.

37  The most distinctive feature of the ribbon worm is a proboscis

38  The presence of nematocysts and symmetry are fundamental characteristics of Cnidarians

39  What is the difference between the class Nuda and Class Tentaculata? one has tentacles and the other does not.

40.  Comb jellys are different from jellyfish in that they do not have?     stinging cells    

41.  What direction can adult jellyfish move on their own?    up and down    

What is the  Class of Cnidarians  42 Hydroids         43.  Corals         44Jelly fish    45. Sea anemones

46.  What is the use of a statocyst? sensitive to gravity/equilibrium

47  The Portugese man-of-war is a type of hydrozoan cnidarian with a gas float.

58 Scyphozoan cnidarians may be found in a polyp form, but the medusa stage generally dominates.

59 In anthozoan cnidarians, the polyp form id lscking a  complex internal septa to aid digestion.

60 Ctenophores (comb jellies) are similar to scyphozoan cnidarians in that they have tentacles but NO nematocysts.

61 Annelid worms have a true coelom for a body cavity, but nematode, nemertean, and platyhelminth worms do not.

62  Segments of polychaete worms usually have fleshy extensions called parapodia which often have stiff bristles called setae.

63 Pogonophoran worms differ from most other worms in that their digestive tracts are filled with bacteria.

64Platyhelminths have a digestive tract with mouth but no, anus

65 Nemertean worms entangle prey with a proboscis everted from a cavity above the mouth.

66  Marine nematode worms are some of the most numerous organisms on earth