Beach and Rocky Shores Review Questions

 

1.          The intertidal zone is unique because:

2. The material on or in which an organism lives is called:

3.  The rocky shore communities on the east and west coasts of the United States were formed as a result of:

4.  Sessile epifauna are animals that:

5.          Emersion time gets longer as you move in which direction in the intertidal?

6.          Many sessile animals cope with desiccation by:

7.          Which type of shell would be most suited to a rocky shore that is not exposed to much wave action?

8.  Most sessile animals in the rocky intertidal are what type of feeders?

9.          Refraction causes waves to:

10.        The most important limiting resource in the intertidal is:

11.         The pattern of bands that divide the intertidal is the result of

12.        The upper limit of an intertidal zone is usually set by:

13.        The "splash zone" is located in the:

14.        What animal is most common in the upper intertidal?

15.        The middle intertidal is characterized by:

16. Region between high and low tides along the shore/alternatively covered by water and exposed to air

17 Highest place where the ocean washes the beach

18.        The final stage in ecological succession is called:

19.        The lower intertidal is usually dominated by:

20.        In addition to space, what other factor is a limiting resource in the lower intertidal?

21.        What type of organisms are rare in soft bottom communities?

22.        Fine sediments are found in:

23.        In terms of oxygen, the interstitial water in muddy bottoms:

24.        The main source of food in the soft bottom intertidal is:

25.      Which zone is the 1st clearly demarcated zone at the top of the shore? 

26.     The region between the ocean and the land is the

. 27 The current which carries the sand along the beach is the

28 . The longshore current develops because of

29 . The area above the high water mark is the

30 The removal of beach sediment is _______and addition of material is ________. 

(a)    erosion/ releasing

31. What is desiccation?

32. Horzontal bands or zones of organisms are known as

33 Foraging runs by predators help increase …

34.   Some sand in many tropical and subtropical beaches is predominantly ________ ________ secreted by marine organisms (shells, algae coral) and in Hawaii and Iceland, black beaches from basalt lava are common.

34. Tides produce ______ __________ fluctuations along coastlines but sea level changes are long-term.

36 Generally the larger the sand particles, the  _______________ the beach.

37. As a wave breaks, the sudden release of  _______________ within a small area causes turbulence that  _______________sand particles.

38. This current provides longshore transport that carries sand along the shore is known as the  _______________   or_______________.

39. The surface remains  _______ at low tide from  _______________ action. 

40 Organisms that  thrive near the surface of the sand belong to the  _______________community which vary from minute ________________ to worms and copepods

rocky shores

41.  WHY DOES EACH ZONE HAVE A DISTINCT COLOR AND TEXTURE?

42.  WHY IS THE UPPER INTERTIDAL ZONE CALLED THE LITTORINA ZONE? 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B

 

estuaries

 

1.          Coastal plain estuaries were formed when:

2.         Fjords are located in:

3.         As you move upstream in an estuary, salinity:

4 The salt wedge in an estuary moves in what direction with the rising tide?

5.         The most common type of substrate in estuaries is:

6          Euryhaline species are those that:

7.         An organism that has an internal salt concentration higher than that of the surrounding        water will:

8. The zonation of plants in salt marshes is determined primarily by:

9 Mangrove forests are found in what regions?

10  The product of the breakdown of dead plant material by bacteria that is found in an estuary is called:

11 Primary production in an estuary is the result of:

12 Most of the animals in an estuary feed on:

13 Wetlands include: