Animal 3 review
1) Vertebrates and tunicates share
2) What is one characteristic that separates
chordates from all other animals?
3) Which of these are characteristics of all
chordates during at least a portion of their development?
4) Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned
first as
5) Unlike eutherians,
both monotremes and marsupials
6) Which extant chordate group is postulated to
be most like the earliest chordates
in appearance?
7) As humans diverged from other primates, which
of the following appeared first?
8)
Studies on DNA indicate which of the following?
9)
Based on current evidence, which of the following statements best describes the evolution of humans?
10) The common ancestors of all humans alive
today lived in Africa until about
11) The common ancestor of all these chordate
groups except the ________ probably
had paired appendages.
12) The earliest known mineralized structures in
vertebrates are associated with which function?
13) The exoskeletons of marine arthropods are
made of calcified ________, and the endoskeletons of vertebrates are mostly
composed of calcified ________.
14) How are primates different from all other
mammals?
15) In
which vertebrates is fertilization exclusively internal?
16) Which of these hominid traits seems to have
occurred before the others?
17) In which extant class did jaws occur
earliest?
18) According to one hypothesis, the jaws of
vertebrates were derived by the modification of
19) What is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans?
20) To
which of these are the scales of chondrichthyans most
closely related in a structural sense?
21) Which of these statements accurately
describes a similarity between sharks and fishes?
22) Which group's members had (have) both lungs
and gills during their adult lives?
23) The most primitive hominid discovered to date
24) Which are the most abundant and diverse of
the extant vertebrates?
25) The
bony fishes are characterized by
26) Which of these would a paleontologist be most
likely to do in order to determine whether a fossil represents a reptile or a
mammal?
27) All of the following belong to the lobe-fin clade, except
28) Structures that are made of keratin include
which of the following?
29) Differentiation of teeth is greatest in
30) A trend in the evolution of the earliest tetrapods was
31) Examination of the fossils of Archaeopteryx reveals that, in common
with extant birds, it had
32) Why is the discovery of the fossil Archaeopteryx significant? It supports the
33) During chordate evolution, what is the
sequence (from earliest to most recent) in which the following structures
arose?
1. amniotic egg
2. paired fins
3. jaws
4. swim bladder
5. four-chambered heart
34)
________ are the oldest known primate group.
35) Why is the amniotic egg considered an
important evolutionary breakthrough? It
36) Which era is known as the "age of
reptiles"?
37) Which of these characteristics added most to
vertebrate success in relatively dry environments?
38) From which of the following groups are snakes
most likely descended?
39) When did dinosaurs and pterosaurs become
extinct?
40) Which of the following are the only extant
animals that descended directly from dinosaurs?
Match
the taxonomic terms below with the descriptions that follow. Options may be used once, more than once, or
not at all.
A) H. heidelbergensis
B) H. erectus
C) H. ergaster
D) H. habilis
E) H. sapiens
41) the
first of these species to have been adapted for long-distance bipedalism
42) the first of these species to craft stone
tools
43) the first of these species to show a trend
toward reduced sexual dimorphism
44) the first of these species to have some
members migrate out of Africa
45) the species currently thought to be the direct
ancestor of H. neanderthalensis
46) the species that demonstrates symbolic
thought, art, and full-blown language
Match
the taxonomic terms below with the descriptions that follow. Each option may be
used once, more than once, or not at all.
A) hominoids
B) Homo
C) anthropoids
D) hominids
E) primates
47) Which
is the most inclusive (most general) group, all of whose members have foramina
magna centrally positioned in the base of the cranium?
48) Which term is most nearly synonymous with
"apes"?
49) Which is a genus that has only one extant
species?
50) Which is the most inclusive (most general)
group, all of whose members have fingernails instead of claws?
51) Which is the most inclusive (most general)
group, all of whose members have fully opposable thumbs?
52) Which is the most specific group in which prosimians can be included?
53) Which is the most specific group that
includes both the Old World monkeys and the
For
the following items, match the vertebrate groups below with the descriptions
that follow. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. amphibians
B. non-avian
reptiles
C. chondrichthyans
D. mammals
E. avian reptiles
54) their
scales closely resemble teeth in both structure and origin
55) internal fertilization, amniotic egg, skin
that resists drying, heavy bones
56) three major groups: egg-laying, pouched, and
placental
57) may have lungs, or gills, and may use skin as
a respiratory surface
58) honeycombed bones, females with one ovary, no
teeth