Review Photosynthesis

1) Organisms that can exist with light as an energy source and an inorganic form of

are called

2) Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

3) What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

4) Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

5) A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?

6) During photosynthesis, visible light has enough energy to .

7) In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?

8) The reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I is known as P700 because .

9) All of the events listed below occur in the light reactions of photosynthesis except

10) Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be

11) What are the products of noncyclic photophosphorylation?

12) What does cyclic electron flow in the chloroplast produce?

13) Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?

14) What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?

15) In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? (exam only)

16) In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from

17) Where is the electron transport chain found in plant cells?

Refer to the choices to answer the following questions. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Indicate whether the following events occur during

A. photosynthesis

B. respiration

C. both photosynthesis and respiration

D. neither photosynthesis nor respiration

18) synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism

19) reduction of oxygen which forms water

20) reduction of NADP⁺

21) the splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds

22) generation of proton gradients across membranes

23) Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?

24) What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

25) Which of the following is (are) required in the Calvin cycle?

26) One carbon dioxide molecule reacts in each "turn" of the Calvin cycle. How many turns of the cycle are required for the synthesis of one glucose molecule?

For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants.

Use the following key:

A. light reactions alone

B. the Calvin cycle alone

C. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle

D. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle

E. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis

27) produces molecular oxygen (O₂₎

28) requires ATP

29) produces NADH

30) produces NADPH

31) produces three-carbon sugars

32) inactive in the dark

33) requires CO₂

34) requires glucose

35) What are the substrates (normal reactants) for the enzyme RuBP carboxylase?

36) In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (¹⁴(C) dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The ¹⁴C is incorporated first into oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a

37) Why are C₄ plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

38) CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they

39) Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by preventing the formation of

40) Carbon fixation involves the addition of carbon dioxide to

41) The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

42) Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

43) Cooperation of the two photosystems is required for

44) In what respect are the photosynthetic adaptations of C₄ plants and CAM plants similar?

45) Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

46) Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are true?

47) Which statement regarding events in the functioning of photosystem II is false?

Use the following information to answer the questions below.

Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.

48) What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?

49) An outcome of this experiment was to help determine

50) If you ran the same experiment without passing light through a prism, what would you predict?

Figure 10.1

52) Figure 10.1 shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

53) What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis?