8.1 Ethernet Switching  
  8.1.4 Latency  
Latency is the delay between the time a frame first starts to leave the source device and the time the first part of the frame reaches its destination. A wide variety of conditions can cause delays as a frame travels from source to destination:
  • Media delays caused by the finite speed that signals can travel through the physical media.
  • Circuit delays caused by the electronics that process the signal along the path.
  • Software delays caused by the decisions that software must make to implement switching and protocols.
  • Delays caused by the content of the frame and where in the frame switching decisions can be made. For example, a device cannot route a frame to a destination until the destination MAC address has been read.
 

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Latency

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