Functions of networking are described using layered models. This module covers the two most important models, which are the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model and the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model. The module also presents the differences and similarities between the two models.

In addition, this module presents a brief history of networking. It also describes network devices, as well as cabling, physical, and logical layouts. This module also defines and compares LANs, MANs, WANs, SANs, and VPNs.

Students completing this module should be able to:

• Explain the importance of bandwidth in networking.
• Use an analogy from their experience to explain bandwidth.
• Identify bps, kbps, Mbps, and Gbps as units of bandwidth.
• Explain the difference between bandwidth and throughput.
• Calculate data transfer rates.
• Explain why layered models are used to describe data communication.
• Explain the development of the Open System Interconnection model (OSI).
• List the advantages of a layered approach.
• Identify each of the seven layers of the OSI model.
• Identify the four layers of the TCP/IP model.
• Describe the similarities and differences between the two models.
• Briefly outline the history of networking.
• Identify devices used in networking.
• Understand the role of protocols in networking.
• Define LAN, WAN, MAN, and SAN.
• Explain VPNs and their advantages.
• Describe the differences between intranets and extranets.