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- Understand Windows XP print terminology and architecture
- Understand the special features of the Windows XP print system
- Create and manage a printer
- Manage printer permissions
- Troubleshoot printing
- Configure Windows XP fax capabilities
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- Client application
- Connecting to a printer
- Creating a printer
- Direct-attached printer
- Network interface printer
- Print client
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- Print device
- Print job
- Print resolution
- Print server
- Print Server services
- Print spooler
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- Printer (logical printer)
- Printer driver
- Printer pool
- Queue (print queue)
- Rendering
- Spooling
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- Portion of Windows XP that begins the process of producing visual
output, whether the output is to the screen or to the printer
- In case of screen output, the GDI calls the video driver
- In the case of printed output, it calls a printed driver and provides
the information about the targeted print device and what type of data
must be rendered for output
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- Composed of three subcomponents that work together as a unit:
- Printer graphics driver
- Responsible for rendering GDI commands into Device Driver Interface
(DDI) commands that can be sent to the printer
- Printer interface driver
- Characterization data file
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- Includes the following components:
- Print router
- Local and remote print providers
- Print processors
- Print monitor
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- The print spooler can accept data from the print provider in two main data
types:
- Enhanced metafile (EMF)
- Device-independent spool data used to reduce the amount of time spent
processing a print job
- RAW
- Device-dependent spool data that is fully ready to be printed when
rendered
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- Print router
- Sends print requests from clients to the print server, so the requests
can be routed to the appropriate print provider
- Print provider
- Server-side software that sends a print job to the proper server in the
format required by that server
- Windows XP print provider (Win32Spl.dll)
- NetWare print provider (Nwprovau.dll)
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- Print processor
- Works with the printed driver to despool files during playback, making
any needed changes to the spool file according to its data type
- Print monitor
- Final link in chain of printing process
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- Language monitor
- Sets up bidirectional messaging between the printer and the computer
initiating the print job
- The Printer Job Language provides printer control at the print-job
level and enables users to change printer defaults levels such as
number of copies, color, and printer languages
- Port monitor
- Transmits the print job either to the print device or to another server
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- Function of a printer driver is to provide an interface between the
client and the printer
- The job of printing software is to insulate applications from having to
incorporate the logic and understanding necessary to communicate with a
large collection of printers
- Because selecting a particular printer for output is part of the Windows
printing process, it makes perfect sense to put this intelligence into
the driver
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- Two typical options for printing across the network exist for Microsoft
network clients, including Windows XP Professional clients:
- You can print to a printer connected to a print server through a
parallel or serial port
- You can print to a printer connected directly to the network
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- The Printers and Faxes window comes into play not only when installing
and managing printers, but also when managing print queues
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- In Windows XP jargon, creating a printer means that you’re setting up a
printer for local use
- Questions to answer when creating a local printer:
- Is the attached printer plug and play compatible?
- Is the printer local or on the network?
- To which port will the printer be connected?
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- Questions to answer when creating a local printer:
- What is the make and model of the printer?
- What do you want the printer to be named?
- Do you want the printer to be the default for all print jobs?
- Should the printer be shared with the network?
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- Connecting to a remote printer is even simpler than creating a printer
- After the process of connecting to a remote printer is done, you don’t
have to install drivers locally
- Windows XP client download printer drivers from the print server
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- After the printer is created or connected to, configuring it is easy
- You can create more than one logical printer for a single print device
- You can set up different configurations for the same print device
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- The printer priority setting determines which logical printer will be
given first access to a printer
- Mismatched documents are those for which the page setup and printer
setup are incompatible
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- Used to associate a color profile with a color printer
- A color profile is used to control how color is produced by the printer
- A color profile takes into account the printer’s configuration and the
type of media being used
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- Used to make sure that the print device itself is configured properly
- Most of these settings shouldn’t need to be adjusted if you choose the
proper printer driver during setup, but these items may be subject to
change as you upgrade your printer:
- Memory
- Paper trays and other accessories
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- Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)
- A new Windows XP protocol that adds Web support to the print subsystem
- Allows remote users to submit print jobs for printing, view printer
queues, and download print drivers
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- Recommended steps to follow:
- Identify which of the seven components of the printing process is
failing
- After you identify the problem, look for documented solutions online,
in the manual that ships with Windows XP or the printer, or in the
Microsoft Knowledge Base
- Implement a short-term solution
- Implement a long-term solution, if possible
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- Check the physical aspects of the printer
- Re-create the logical printer on the client
- Terminate and reshare the printer on the print server
- Try using a different application, user account, or computer to print to
the same printer
- Check for stalled print jobs
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- Make sure the printer is online (a device setting)
- Reinstall the printer driver
- Start and restart the spooler
- Check the free space on the drive where the spooler is directed
- Try using the Print Troubleshooter
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- Additional steps when troubleshooting network printing problems:
- Verify basic network connectivity
- Create a local printer and redirect its port to a network printer
- Print from a DOS-based program using the NET USE command to connect to
the printer
- If using TCP/IP printing or connecting to a printer attached directly
to the network, try PINGing the printer’s address to make sure it’s
functioning
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- The Windows XP print subsystem architecture consists of several
components that turn data into a printable file, transfer that file to a
printer, and manage the way in which multiple print jobs are handled by
a printer
- Microsoft uses a special vocabulary for printing-related services,
software and hardware components, and activities
- You use the Add Printer Wizard in the Printers and Faxes applet to
create, share, and connect to print devices
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- You also use the Add Printer Wizard to configure a print device
- It is important to fine-tune the printing process for various situations
- Be familiar with the most common causes of printing problems in the
Windows XP environment
- Faxing has been thoroughly integrated with Windows XP’s printing system
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