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- An Introduction
- to Networking
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- List advantages of networked computing relative to standalone computing
- Identify elements of a network
- Describe several specific uses of a network
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- Distinguish between client/server and peer-to-peer networks
- Identify some of the certifications available to networking
professionals
- Identify kinds of non-technical, or “soft,” skills to help in succeeding
as a networking professional
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- Network
- Group of computers and other devices connected by some type of
transmission media
- Networks enable users to share devices and data, collectively called a
network’s resources
- Standalone computer
- Uses programs and data only from its local disks and is not connected
to a network
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- Method of sharing data by copying it to a disk and carrying the disk
from computer to computer
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- Local computer
- Computer on which user is working
- Remote computer
- Computer that user controls or works on via network connection
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- Computers communicate on single segment of cable and share each other’s
data and devices
- Simple example of a local area network (LAN)
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- Network of computers and other devices confined to relatively small
space
- LANs involving many computers are usually server-based
- On a server-based network, special computers (known as servers) process
data for and facilitate communication between other computers on the
network (known as clients)
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- Workstation
- Computer that typically runs a desktop operating system and connects to
a network
- Client/server architecture
- Networking model in which clients use central server to share
applications, devices, and data
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- Client/server network
- Network based on client/server architecture
- Network operating system
- Special software designed to manage data and other resources on a
server for a number of clients
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- User login accounts and passwords can be assigned in one place
- Access to multiple shared resources can be centrally granted
- Servers are optimized to handle heavy processing loads and dedicated to
handling requests from clients
- Servers can connect more than a handful of computers
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- Metropolitan area network (MAN)
- Network connecting clients and servers in multiple buildings within
limited geographic area
- Wide area network (WAN)
- Network that spans large distance and connects two or more LANs
- The Internet is an example of a very intricate and extensive WAN that
spans the globe
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- Client
- In addition to referring to a computer on the network, may also refers
to human user of client workstation
- Server
- Workstation
- Network interface card (NIC)
- Enables workstation to connect to the network and communicate with
other computers
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- Network operating system (NOS)
- Host
- Server that manages shared resources
- Node
- Client, server, or other device that can communicate over a network and
that is identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network
address
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- Topology
- Physical layout of computer network
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- Protocol
- Rules network uses to transfer data
- Data Packets
- The distinct units of data transmitted from one computer to another on
a network
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- Addressing
- Scheme for assigning unique identifying number to every workstation on
network
- The number that uniquely identifies each workstation and device on a
network is its address
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- Transmission media
- Means through which data are transmitted and received
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- Services
- Features provided by a network
- File and print services
- Communications services
- Mail services
- Internet services
- Management services
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- File services
- Refers to capability of a server to share data files, applications, and
disk storage space
- Server that provides file services is called a file server
- Print services
- Allows printers to be shared by several users on a network
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- Communications services
- Allow remote users to connect to a network
- Remote user
- Person working on a computer in a different geographical location
from the LAN’s server
- Communications server
- Server that runs communications services
- Also referred to as access servers and remote access servers
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- Mail services
- Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail between users on a network
- Gateway
- Combination of software and hardware enabling two different kinds of
networks to exchange data
- Internet services
- Enable networks to communicate with the Internet
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- Management services
- Centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on the
network
- Numerous services fall under category of network management
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- Traffic monitoring and control
- Traffic
- Data transmission and processing activity taking place on a computer
network at any given time
- Segment
- Part of LAN that is logically separated from other parts of LAN and
that shares fixed amount of traffic capacity
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- Load balancing
- Distributing process activity evenly across a network so that no single
device is overwhelmed
- Hardware diagnosis and failure alert
- Determining when a network component fails and automatically notifying
network administrators through e-mail or pager
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- Asset management
- Collecting and storing data on number and types of software and
hardware assets in an organization’s network
- License tracking
- Determining how many copies of a single application are currently in
use on a network
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- Security auditing
- Evaluating what security measures are currently in force and notifying
network administrator if a security breach occurs
- Software distribution
- Automatically transferring data file or program from the server to a
client on the network
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- Address management
- Centrally administering a finite number of network addresses for an
entire LAN
- Backup and restoration of data
- Backing up
- Copying critical files to a secure storage area
- Restoring
- Retrieving data if original files are lost or deleted
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- Mastering the technical challenges
- Developing your “soft skills”
- Pursuing certification
- Finding a job in networking
- Joining professional associations
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- Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server software
- Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server hardware
- Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client software
- Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client hardware
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- Understanding the characteristics of different transmission media
- Understanding network design
- Understanding network protocols
- Understanding how users interact with the network
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- Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals:
- Network security
- Internet and intranet design
- Network management
- Voice/data integration
- Remote and mobile computing
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- Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals (cont.):
- Data integrity and fault tolerance
- In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking products
- In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking products
- In-depth knowledge of router configuration and management
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- Skills not easily measured but important to a networking career:
- Customer relations
- Oral and written communications
- Dependability
- Teamwork
- Leadership abilities
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- Certification
- Process of mastering material pertaining to a particular hardware
system, operating system, programming language, or other software
program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of exams
- Computer Technology Association (CompTIA)
- An association that sets industry-wide standards for computer
professionals
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- A+
- Certification established by CompTIA
- Verifies knowledge about PC operation, repair, and management
- Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE)
- Certification established by Microsoft
- Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Microsoft’s products
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- Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE)
- Certification established by Novell
- Demonstrates in-depth understanding of Novell’s networking software
- Network+ (Net+)
- Certification established by CompTIA
- Verifies broad, vendor-independent networking technology skills
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- Benefits of becoming certified include:
- Better salary
- Greater opportunities
- Professional respect
- Access to better support
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- Search the Web
- Read the paper
- Visit a career center
- Network
- Attend career fairs
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- Benefits can include:
- Connecting with people who have similar interests
- Providing new opportunities for learning
- Allowing access to specialized information
- Giving you tangible assets such as free goods
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- A Network is a group of computers or other devices connected by some
type of transmission media
- Networks may be small or large, connecting computers in one office or
across the world
- All networks offer advantages relative to the use of standalone
computers
- Simplest form of a network still used today connects a handful of
computers through one cable and uses peer-to-peer communication
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- A LAN is a network of computers and other devices confined to a
relatively small space
- A WAN is a network connecting two or more geographically distinct LANs
- All server-based networks share some common elements
- The physical layout of a computer network is called a topology
- Network protocols are rules the network uses to transfer data
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- File and print services provide foundation for networking
- Communications services allow remote users to connect to the network
- Mail services allow networks users to exchange and store e-mail
- Internet services enable organizations to connect to the Internet
- Network management services centrally administer and simplify
complicated management tasks on network
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- Networking professionals are in demand
- Pursuing certification can benefit you in many ways
- Hone your soft skills
- Numerous resources are available in searching for networking positions
- Joining associations can benefit your professional growth
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