1
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- Antibacterial, antiviral, & antifungal drugs
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2
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- Broad spectrum- effective against several groups of microorganisms
- Narrow spectrum- effective against a few groups
- Bactericidal- kills the microorganism
- Bacteriostatic- inhibits growth of the organism
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3
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- Hospital Acquired Infections
- Patients with decreased resistance
- Often drug resistant strains
- Staph (Skin, Lungs)
- Pseudomonas (Lungs, wounds)
- Proteus (Wound, UTI)
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4
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- Please read the online article
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5
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6
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- Inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall
- Bactericidal
- Therapeutic levels are not usually obtained in intraocular and
cerbrospinal fluid
- Rapidly excreted in through the kidneys
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7
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- Widely used
- Effectiveness and minimal toxicity
- Available IV & IM
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8
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- Inactivate beta-lactamase enzymes
- Protects PCN and extends spectrum
- Available PO
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9
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- Strains of bacteria that have acquired a resistance
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10
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- Broad spectrum
- First generation
- Respiratory, soft tissue, bones, urinary tract, and bloodstream
infections
- Tx pcn resistant GC
- Contraindicated with prior severe anaphylactic reaction to PCN
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11
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- Do not take if prior allergic reaction
- Take ALL of the medication Rx’d
- Do not take with OJ
- Try to take round the clock
- Report rash, hives, sore throat…
- Inform the physician if ever had a severe reaction to PCN
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12
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- Allergies/Anaphylactic
- IM site DEEP
- Check for site sensitivity
- Positive response to therapy
- Surgical prophylaxis give 30-60 minutes before the first skin incision
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13
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- Superinfection
- N/V
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
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14
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- Poorly absorbed from GI
- Accumulate in high concentrations in ear and kidney
- Well absorbed IM
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15
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- Used to treat SERIOUS gram negative microorganizms
- Serious systemic infections
- Hospital acquired infections
- Very potent
- Bacteriocidal
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16
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- Check Labs
- CR, BUN, CBC, Liver Function
- Balance, Hearing
- Medication interactions
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17
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- Force Fluids
- Observe for adverse effects
- Peak 30-60 minutes AFTER dosing
- Trough IMMEDIATELY BEFORE next dose
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18
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- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Hypersensitivity
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19
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- Renal Compromise
- Neuromuscular Disorders (MS)
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20
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- Gram Negative & some Gram Positive Organisms
- Lungs, GI, UTI, Gonorrhea
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21
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22
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23
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- Chlamydia
- Mycoplasma
- Helicobacter pylori
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24
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25
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26
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- Pregnancy
- Children under 2 months
- Hypersensitive patients
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27
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- Avoid direct Sunlight
- Notify Dr for blood in urine, rash, breathing difficulty
- Hydrate
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28
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- You are going to give a client Amoxicillin clavulanate (Augmentin). Which of the following nursing
interventions are most important?
- Check allergies
- Assess pain level
- Observe respirations
- Evaluate blood pressure
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29
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- Always Check Allergies prior to administering any medication!!
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30
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- You are about to give a client Cephalexin (Keflex). The client states he is allergic to
penicillin. What is the
appropriate nursing action?
- Check all vital signs carefully
- Hold drug until physician notified
- Give drug after making an allergy bracelet
- Tell client allergic responses will be assessed
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31
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- Speak to the physician and remind him/her of the allergy…sometimes there
is a cross over between these drug families.
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32
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- Which of the following clients is most likely to be treated with
Gentamicin (Garamycin)?
- 56 yr old deep wound infection
- 42 yr old neuromuscular disorder
- 19 yr old chronic pain from auto accident
- 91 yr old post op urinary tract
infection
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33
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- This is a potent antibiotic
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34
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- You are told to do a peak blood level on a client who has been treated
with Gentamicin (Garamycin). What
nursing action is correct?
- Hold medication until pulse rate is assessed
- Assess blood pressure before giving medication
- Run blood sample after medication is given
- Draw blood immediately before medication is due
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35
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- Peaks are drawn After the medication is given.
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36
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